# Immersion Cooling

[![immersion diag [Converted].png](https://hydraulogistics.at/uploads/images/gallery/2025-09/scaled-1680-/immersion-diag-converted.png)](https://hydraulogistics.at/uploads/images/gallery/2025-09/scaled-1680-/immersion-diag-converted.png)

<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">Immersion cooling is a data center cooling method where IT equipment is directly submerged in a thermally conductive but electrically non-conductive fluid (known as </span>[dielectric fluid](https://hydraulogistics.at/link/16#bkmrk-dielectric-fluid)<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">). Heat generated by the servers is absorbed by the fluid and then transferred to external systems through either </span>[single-phase](https://hydraulogistics.at/link/16#bkmrk-single-phase-immersi)<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> or </span>[two-phase](https://hydraulogistics.at/link/16#bkmrk-two-phase-immersion-)<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> processes.</span>

Although still an emerging technology, immersion cooling currently accounts for only about 4–6% of data centers globally. It is most suitable for large-scale or high-density deployments because of its ability to handle much higher thermal loads than traditional methods.

<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">Unlike </span>[air cooling](https://hydraulogistics.at/books/chilled-infrastructures/page/air-cooling "Air Cooling")<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">, immersion cooling eliminates the need for server fans and reduces the reliance on </span>[<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">CRAH </span>](https://hydraulogistics.at/link/16#bkmrk-crah)units, lowering both power consumption and noise. It also has the potential to significantly reduce water consumption compared to conventional liquid or evaporative cooling, depending on the external heat rejection system used.

<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">On average, immersion cooling allows for some of the most efficient operations in the industry, with reported </span>[power usage effectiveness](https://hydraulogistics.at/link/16#bkmrk-pue)<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> as low as </span>[1.03](https://hydraulogistics.at/link/24#bkmrk-page-title), while also lowering total operational costs by reducing the energy needed to move and condition air.